Hematite is an iron oxide mineral (Fe2O3) that forms one of the most important iron ore minerals on Earth, characterized by its distinctive metallic luster and deep gray to black coloration with a characteristic red streak when scratched. This dense, heavy mineral has been used since ancient times for both practical and decorative purposes, prized for its mirror-like polish and substantial weight that gives jewelry a satisfying, grounding feel. Hematite's name derives from the Greek word "haima" meaning blood, referencing the red color that appears when the mineral is powdered or scratched, creating an interesting contrast to its typical dark metallic appearance.
- Color range: Metallic gray to black with mirror-like luster; powdered form reveals characteristic red-brown coloration
- Sizes: Available from small beads (4-6mm) to large specimens and carved pieces (several inches); consistent availability in all sizes
- Shapes: Excellent for beads, cabochons, and carved elements; takes an exceptional mirror polish that showcases its metallic properties
- Origin: Worldwide including Brazil, Australia, United States, and England; high-quality jewelry material comes from various global sources
- Hardness: 5 to 6 on Mohs scale, moderate hardness requiring some care to prevent chipping or scratching during wear
- Weight: Notably heavy and dense, providing substantial feel that distinguishes it from similar-appearing materials
- Luster: Exceptional metallic to sub-metallic luster when polished; can achieve mirror-like reflective surfaces
- Magnetic properties: Natural hematite is weakly magnetic; strongly magnetic "hematite" jewelry is typically synthetic magnetite
